Spot TV Advertising
What Is Spot TV Advertising?
Advantages &
Disadvantages of Radio Advertising
Spot TV advertising
refers to the common advertising approach of buying 30 or 60 second ad
placements on a particular station. Before an advertiser buys spots, it must
produce one or more commercials. Then, the company or its ad agency buys a
package of spots through a network or station.
Typical
Buying Procedures
TV advertising
normally is purchased as part of a concentrated or assorted media mix within an
ad campaign. Campaigns have prescribed lengths, such as a month, six weeks,
three months or six months. The advertiser determines how much of its budget to
allocate to TV, and then works with a sales representative for the network or
station. The goal is to prepare a package of spots that appear during
the times and on the shows that reach the intended audience.
Spot rotations -
Spots ranging from 30 to 60 seconds are purchased for a particular time of day,
such as morning, afternoon, primetime and late night. An advertiser may
concentrate all of its spots during particular days or times of day, or spread
its spots out throughout the week and day parts. The media sales rep prepares a
programming schedule for review after discussing goals and target market
details with the advertiser.
TV
Advertising Benefits
Relative to other
media, TV has several key advantages. It offers the most creative potential of
any medium because of its multi-sensory appeal. Creative directors can use
dialogue, copy, sounds, movement, scenery, lighting and action to deliver a
compelling message or story. TV spots are especially useful form companies
with visually-appealing products that
need to show them off, according to Inc. Wide reach in a local, regional or
national market, as well as emotional appeals in messages, are other core
benefits of TV ads.
TV
Advertising Drawbacks and Costs
A primary drawback
of television is its cost. Between production and placement costs, TV
advertising is out of the budget for many local companies. Production costs
range from several hundred dollars to several thousand dollars. A simple
30-second spot with acting talent can run at least $2,500 in
a typical market, according to Inc. The costs escalate
substantially for national productions and media buys. "Sunday Night
Football" was the most expensive show to advertise on during 2013 to 2014,
according to Ad Age, with a price tag of $593,700 per 30-second
spot.
Other drawbacks of
TV include:
·
Limited geographic selectivity -
A business must pay to reach all viewers in a station's coverage area, which
often means waste and inefficiency.
·
Fleeting message - TV spots range from 15 to 60 seconds,
according to Inc. Regardless of the length, the message is fleeting. You have
to make a compelling impact during a short period of time to achieve
communication goals. In contrast, print media are static, and the message
endures.
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Advantages & Disadvantages of Radio Advertising
Compared to other
media used by advertisers, radio offers affordability, wide reach, target
audience selectivity and timely message delivery. However, poor attentiveness
and fragmentation, a lack of visual appeal and complex national buying
processes are common challenges. Before you commit your budget to radio, you'll
need to carefully consider its pros and cons.
Advantage:
Affordability
To make a dent in
radio, you typically buy a package that runs for at least a month. The cost of
ad spots and packages varies greatly by location, but expect to pay $2,000 to
$3,000 per week in cities or metro areas, according to Entrepreneur. Campaigns
in smaller local markets may run as low as several hundred dollars per month.
Relative to television and other media used to reach a large audience, radio is
cost-efficient.
Advantage:
Wide Reach and Audience Targeting
The ability to
schedule ad spots throughout the week at various times of day allows for wide
local reach. The ability to advertising regionally and nationally enhances the
reach for companies with broader geographic offerings. In the same vein, radio
is among the best media at enabling target audience selectivity. Format and
music genre greatly influence the types of people that listen to stations.
Before buying spots, you get access to statistics that detail average listeners
per hour with demographic breakdowns. This data allows you to select the right
market for your message.
Advantage: Timely
Message Delivery
Placement
flexibility is an advantage of radio. You can have a message produced and
presented to the market within a few decisions from your decision to buy.
Stations often include production costs in with package purchases, according to
Entrepreneur.
Disadvantage:
Poor Attentiveness and Fragmentation
Among the
disadvantages of radio advertising, a primary drawback is that people listening
to it are often engaged in other activities, such as driving. Therefore, you
don't normally get the same level of attention and engagement with your ad as
you might through other media. It can take many impressions before a listener
actually hears your message.
Disadvantage:
Lack of Visual Appeal
Whereas television,
the other prominent broadcast medium, has multi-sensory appeal, radio can only
impact your audience through sound. You don't have imagery to play with. It
takes very talented copywriters to instill theater of the mind with the
listening audience.
Disadvantage:
Complex National Buying Processes
Buying radio
advertising for regional or national campaigns gets a bit chaotic. Large media
conglomerates often own stations throughout the country; but they are
fragmented across regions. Therefore, national advertisers sometimes have to
buy spots through multiple regional stations rather than through one national
station.
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How TV Advertising Works
TV advertising is
among the most expensive media formats for companies to use, but it also
provides plenty of reach and creative opportunities. For small businesses,
opportunities in local TV advertising normally are dictated by their ad
budgets.
Buying
TV Spots
Before buying space
for a television ad, you have to produce or create it. This process can cost
several thousand dollars, depending on the scope of the project and the number
of actors involved. After that, you or your agency contacts local stations or
TV networks to discuss media buying opportunities.
TV commercials are
purchased as spot packages. Ads normally run as 30 or 60
second spots. Your company presents its budget to the advertising sales rep,
who then prepares a placement schedule proposal. Key factors in your schedule
include the target audience, length of placements and preferred day parts.
After the rep prepares a rotational package, you sign off and your campaign is
launched.
When
to Use TV
As with other
media, TV works when it is the most efficient way to reach your target
audience. Given its expense, television advertising is most sensible when
your goals are to reach a lot of people
and build awareness, according to Capital Media. Local television
spots range from $15 to $25 per thousand people, reports Capital. Using the
midpoint of this range, a spot reaching a 100,000 people in a city would cost
about $2,000. You need the budget and a belief that your product has mass
appeal to a broad customer base.
Along with reach,
the creative potential of TV ads is a major advantage. If you
have a beautiful or high-quality product, demonstrating it through a
live-action commercial may help sell it. Unlike radio and print media, TV
offers a mix of movement, sound, dialogue and action, which helps capture
attention and play on emotional appeals.
When
to Avoid TV
Some small
businesses have advertising budgets so low, such as $2,000 to $4,000, that they
can barely afford to product a commercial let alone run it. Even with money on
hand, the benefit-to-cost ratio of television loses its value when your
products are more niche, according to Capital.
With a select
target market, media efficiency improves with more targeted messaging. Local
topic-based magazines may have more efficiency. A fashion retailer promoting
through a local fashion magazine likely gets a highly interested audience, for
instance. A business-to-business provider that caters to a particular type of
buyer would get little value from TV commercials.
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The Benefits of TV
Advertising
Geographically
based Internet ads, such as AdSense, banner ads and social media, capture a
sizable segment of the advertising market. Both small and large businesses have
expanded their online advertising in response to intense competition.
High-quality commercials in heavy rotation remain effective in the right time
slots on television and radio.
Commercials
Most radio and
television commercials range from 30 to 60 seconds long. Commercials lasting 10
to 25 seconds are rare. Corporations occasionally produce 120-second
commercials, run two ads back-to-back or air infomercials.
A quality ad
requires planning. The Small Business Administration (SBA) recommends
professionally produced commercials. The SBA website states a poorly produced
commercial can “severely limit the effectiveness of your message, and... create
a bad image in your customer's mind.”
Before filming your
commercial, determine your company's customer demographic, including whether
it's locally based, national or international. Next, determine your budget.
Television commercials are expensive.
Every station
reaches every potential customer at some point during the day. Choose the time
slot and medium appealing to your demographic. Local time slots begin between 4
a.m. and 6 a.m. and continue until 6:30 p.m.
Radio
Advertising on
radio is a cost-effective solution for small businesses. Slots are more economical
than television, and radio commercials cost less to produce. Choosing the
correct station is vital. The station's estimated listeners is only one factor
to analyze. Determine which station most likely appeals to your customer base
and potential customers. Determine the times your customers listen to the
radio. For example, if your business is farm-related, the best time to run a
commercial is during the morning farm report. Drive-time slots are the most
expensive and popular on radio. Drive time is the period when workers travel to
or from work: 6 a.m. to 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Television
Choose a time slot
that reaches your potential customers. Run the commercial at least five to
seven times for maximum effectiveness. Prime-time television is from 8 p.m. to
11 p.m. A 30-second commercial aired during this period is more expensive than
at any other time. Special events, such as the Super Bowl, which cost as much
as $3 million for 30 seconds in 2009, are typically priced too high for small businesses.
Advertising on cable stations, such as USA or Spike, is more affordable than on
the major networks. According to the SBA, commercials on cable cost 10 percent
to 20 percent less.
Tips
More people listen
to the radio in the spring and summer because of outdoor activities. Fall and
winter drives audiences indoors and results in an increase in television
viewers. Compare prices between the 30- and 60-second slots. Often, a 30-second
commercial is only about one-third less. This makes the 60-second slot a better
deal. Prime-time television commercials cost 10 to 30 times more than
drive-time radio ads. Stations have special package plans, contract rates and
discounts for “fringe” times, or those times next to prime-time slots.
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What Is Saturation Advertising?
Advantages & Disadvantages of Radio Advertising
"Saturation
advertising"referrs to a company's general strategy of flooding a
marketplace with ad messages. While this technique can generate wide reach and
frequent impressions, it may irritate and alienate customers when taken to the
extreme.
Achieving
Saturation
For a small
business, saturating a local market with brand or product messages isn't as time-consuming or expensive as
saturating a national market, according to small-business advertising
consultant Jillian Shaw. The key is selecting the right types of media that
allow for broad but targeted message reach. Newspapers, radio and direct mail
are among the prominent media used by local companies to flood the geographic
market with messages.
Shaw advocates a
strategy of concentrating on a primary medium and saturating the market with
that medium before moving on to the second-highest priority medium. Some
companies prefer a concentrated media approach, where messages are delivered
simultaneously across several media.
Measuring
Saturation
Message weight
refers to the overall impact of messages delivered across media during
an ad campaign. Message weight typically is measured in gross impressions.
For an online ad, the number of page views equal gross impressions. If a
campaign achieves 100,000 impressions online, 50,000 through direct mail,
50,000 through radio and 200,000 with billboards during a given month, its
total gross impressions were 400,000. The weight of this level of impressions
is subjective based on campaign goals, previous campaigns and market size.
High
Saturation Pros and Cons
When
successful, saturation advertising can generate broad awareness,
powerful message recall, favorability and buying activity. The effectiveness of
the ads combine with proper media that reaches the target market to affect
success.
Companies that
advertise on the radio typically maintain ad spots throughout the year, because
of the natural inclination for consumers to lose touch with a brand. Since
radio has no visual component, "out of sight, out of mind" is a
common drawback of pulling radio spots. With poor strategy, companies
may end up spending more than they budgeted because of a lack of
efficiency in building saturation. Also, aggressive campaigns delivered through
media such as direct mail or television may alienate customers. Digital agency
Brolik notes that annoying customers can actually turn
them against you. Therefore, you have to find the delicate balance
between effective saturation and message frustration.
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Importance of TV in Advertising
Television has held
the title of the largest mass medium used for advertising for more than 60
years, and that designation has not been overtaken even with the growth of the
internet. Television is an important component of a media plan because of its
pervasiveness, impact and targeting abilities.
Impact
of Television
Marcelo Poleze/iStock/Getty Images
We live in a
culture bombarded with promotional messages. Studies differ on the number of
ads seen by the average American, but researchers cite from 850 to 3,000 ad
messages experienced daily. These messages come from traditional sources like
TV and newspapers but also on coffee cups, bill inserts, catalogs, T-shirts and
the like. The competition for the eyes and ears of the American consumer is
fierce. Getting attention fosters the awareness that is the first rung of the
advertising action hierarchy. It is so very critical to creating sales of an
advertised product.
Medium
Properties
Artur Marciniec/iStock/Getty Images
Television has the
properties of sight, sound and motion that traditionally set it apart from
other media such as radio (sound only) or print (sight only). With its
three-pronged assault on its viewer’s senses, TV is able to create broad
awareness for a product. Television is considered a mass medium because of the
numbers of people it reaches.
Pervasiveness
of TV
Digital Vision./Photodisc/Getty
Images
National
broadcasters like CBS, NBC, ABC and now FOX reach more than 115 million
households with 290 million viewers. Television reaches more than 94% of the
country’s population, a huge potential audience for a television commercial.
But even TV’s mass audience gets segmented as viewers fragment along age,
gender and racial groups to watch particular networks, channels and programs.
Effectiveness
of TV Ads
The actual impact
of an individual television ad depends on the kind of product being advertised.
Some product categories are just naturally more interesting than others. More
important is the creativity of the message itself.
This is where
specialists in television advertising truly earn their paychecks as it is their
job to create ads that break through the clutter of television advertising, get
attention, communicate its unique selling proposition and so position the
product for a sale. Television advertising has established a pantheon of highly
regarded brands and brand icons like the Pillsbury Dough Boy, Michelin Tire Man
and Tony the Tiger.
Television
Broadcasters
All national
broadcasters have affiliated local stations. Local broadcast stations have some
autonomy in program lineup, especially during the daytime and late-night
periods. Local news is the bread and butter of local TV. Local stations have
their own inventories of local ad units for sale and are given a share of some
time slots available in prime-time programming for local ad sales. Buying local
ads might provide a savings over national ad prices in the same TV program.
Cable television
advertising brings a new level of audience targeting and cheaper advertising
costs. Cable TV practically invented the long-format commercial known as
Infomercials, which even national broadcasters use to sell available time
inventories, especially late night.
Introduction
to spot advertising
In 2019, the average viewer
watched 39 ads a day.Collectively, the UK watched an average of 2.3 billion ads
a day in 2019 and there is no sign we are about to stop watching, talking about
and sharing them with others.
Today you can be inventive with
the humble spot. In this section we explain all the new innovations and
showcase the work of those leading the way. We hope there’s something inspiring
or surprising here for you.
The power of the 30” and 60”
spots
30”and 60” spots are at the heart
of TV advertising. The 30” Spot advert is exactly that - an advert which lasts
for 30 seconds, booked at a certain spot in the TV ad break schedule. The 60”
Spot advert can communicate more information. It may also offer increased
standout during a break because its length will mean there are fewer other
adverts competing for attention.
These spots can be specified so
that an ad can appear before, during or after a programme. The type of viewer
with the profile most likely to purchase a product can be targeted. Each of the
programme companies charge different rates, or prices, for spot time. These
rates will be linked to the number of viewers the programme is likely to
attract.
Take a look at some the best ads breaking on screen now
Short and sweet
Spots can of course vary in
length and 10”, 20” and 40” spots are available.
There are many examples of brands
deploying a series of highly impactful short spots to build awareness and
deliver cut through. Many advertisers also use short form to plug into the
effects achieved by showing longer ads.
Sometimes, ads can be even
shorter and these are called blipverts. Usually, blipverts are two seconds long
and most likely there will be five of them in one break to make the equivalent
of a one ten second spot. Blipverts are often used to create excitement or
intrigue about a new product or variant. They can be used to tease viewers and
generate curiosity about what is to come and are usually followed up by a
longer ad later on that provides more information or a reveal.
Epic/long form
Sometimes 60” is just not enough
time to tell your brand’s story.
In recent years we’ve seen a
growing trend for epic ads of high quality and in long form. From 90” to a few
minutes, advertisers are launching campaigns with TV ads that are extended
executions or mini-films.
Often these long form ads are
premiered to launch a campaign and then supported by shorter ad formats on TV
and new media platforms such as YouTube, Facebook or a brand’s own website to
distribute online.
We’ve seen some wonderful
examples of this from Honda’s Cog to Sony Bravia’s Balls and Sainsbury’s 2015
Christmas campaign ‘Mog’s Christmas Calamity’
Sainsbury’s:
Mog’s Christmas Calamity
Themed breaks
Sometimes one spot just isn’t
enough. From movie promotion to comedy galas and show launches, themed breaks
have been used for all sorts of promotion in the past few years.
Themed breaks are always done in
partnership with broadcasters and offer advertisers a unique opportunity to
immerse an audience for a whole few minutes. Entertaining, relevant and
attention grabbing; they have proven to be a very successful tool for
advertisers and to generate excellent PR for agencies and broadcasters.
Contextual ads
When content and context collide,
TV advertising can be a beautiful thing.
Collaboration between
broadcasters, creative agencies, brands and media agencies means that we’re
seeing more contextual advertising on TV, bringing together great content
within the right context to deliver ads with relevance which stand-out.
Contextual advertising is a very
powerful and effective use of TV and can deliver a brand the perfect
audience.
Live ads
In TV we know the power of live
and this can now be extended from content to advertising. Live ads are becoming
more prevalent in TV advertising today. They are potentially risky, but very
rewarding.
Live ads can generate a lot of PR for
brands but they are far more than just PR stunts; attracting large,
anticipative audiences and bringing audiences together around an event.
From Honda’s live sky dive in 2008 to
the First Choice live marriage proposal on
ITV in 2015, advertisers are using the power of live in new and innovative
ways.
Live ads can also drive real-time
response with live information being published during an ad acting as a call to
action for the audience. Betting brands are a great example of this; running
live ads during live sporting events promoting the latest odds to drive in-play
betting.
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